Pediatric Bladder Tumors: A Ten-year Retrospective Analysis
Andrew Shumaker, MS, Miriam Harel, MD, Jordan Gitlin, MD, Steven Friedman, MD, Lori Dyer, MD, Jaime Freyle, MD, Paul Zelkovic, MD, Mark Horowitz, MD, Ronnie Fine, MD, Richard Schlussel, MD.
Pediatric Urology Associates, Tarrytown, NY, USA.
BACKGROUND
Tumors of the urinary bladder are seen infrequently in the pediatric population. We present our experience over a ten-year period with pediatric bladder tumors.
METHODS
We retrospectively queried our electronic medical records for ICD-10 and CPT codes relevant for bladder tumors. Patients with underlying bladder pathology, such as neurogenic bladder, history of bladder exstrophy, and history of bladder augmentation, were excluded.
RESULTS
We identified 30 patients with bladder tumors from the years 2011 to 2021. There were 21 males and 9 females. The age at diagnosis ranged from 16 months to 19 years. The tumors identified were: 11 of various inflammatory subtypes, 4 papillomas, 4 rhabdomyosarcomas, 3 papillary urothelial neoplasms of low malignant potential (PUNLMP), 2 nephrogenic adenomas, 2 related to schistosomiasis, 1 low-grade noninvasive papillary carcinoma, 1 ganglioneuroma, 1 inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor, and 1 hemangioma. Treatment included transurethral resection of bladder tumor for all patients except for the 4 with rhabdomyosarcomas, who received chemoradiation, and the patient with a hemangioma, who underwent laparoscopic partial cystectomy. The 2 patients with schistosomiasis also received praziquantel. 29 had disease limited to the bladder and 1 had disease outside the bladder. Follow-up ranged from 2 weeks to 13 years (mean 34.5 months). All patients had no evidence of disease at most recent follow-up, however 3 were lost to follow-up or sought treatment elsewhere.
CONCLUSION Pediatric bladder tumors run the gamut from the aggressive rhabdomyosarcomas to more benign urothelial lesions. Fortunately, the latter type of tumor is the more prevalent lesion. Knowledge of the treatment options and natural history of these tumors will hopefully be of benefit to clinicians and parents alike.
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